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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Jewish Virtual Library</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Reference_work" title="Reference work">Reference work</a> <a href="Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Mitchell_Bard" title="Mitchell Bard">Mitchell Bard</a> (via the "American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/">www<wbr>.jewishvirtuallibrary<wbr>.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">1997<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1997</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Online</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Jewish Virtual Library</b> (<b>JVL</b>, formerly known as <b>JSOURCE</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-DashefskySheskin2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DashefskySheskin2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="Online_encyclopedia" title="Online encyclopedia">online encyclopedia</a> published by the American foreign policy analyst <a href="Mitchell_Bard" title="Mitchell Bard">Mitchell Bard</a>'s non-profit organization American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE).<sup id="cite_ref-MERLOT_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MERLOT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a website covering topics about <a href="Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Israel–United States relations">Israel–United States relations</a>, <a href="Jewish_history" title="Jewish history">Jewish history</a>, <a href="Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, the <a href="Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>, <a href="Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> and <a href="Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auis_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The website includes the book <i>Myths and Facts</i>. The book was originally written by Leonard Davis and published in 1964. Later editions were written by Bard who describes it as "the pro-Israel activist's 'bible<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-AICE990_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AICE990-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The JVL also includes the website stopbds.com which aims to combat the <a href="Boycott%2C_Divestment_and_Sanctions" title="Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions">Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-AICE990_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AICE990-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div>

<p>The Jewish Virtual Library relies on history books, scientific studies, various encyclopedias, archives, polls, maps, and material from museums for its bibliography, as well as Wikipedia articles. According to the JVL, it received permission to use materials from the <a href="Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, the <a href="American_Jewish_Historical_Society" title="American Jewish Historical Society">American Jewish Historical Society</a>, the <a href="Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a>, the <a href="Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center</a>, the Israeli <a href="Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> and <a href="Prime_Minister's_Office_(Israel)" title="Prime Minister's Office (Israel)">Prime Minister's Office</a>, Rabbi <a href="Joseph_Telushkin" title="Joseph Telushkin">Joseph Telushkin</a> and other resources. Mitchell G. Bard is the founder and Executive Director.<sup id="cite_ref-AVI_CHAI_2013_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AVI_CHAI_2013-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sections,_topics">Sections, topics</h3></div>

<p>The Library has 13 sections: Anti-Semitism, History, Myths and Facts, Women, The Holocaust, Travel, Maps, Politics, Biography, Israel, Israel Education, Religion, Judaic Treasures of the Library of Congress, and Vital Statistics and Reference.<sup id="cite_ref-AVI_CHAI_2013_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AVI_CHAI_2013-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The JVL hosts more than 60,000 articles and nearly 10,000 photographs and maps related to Jewish history, Israel, Israel–United States relations, the Holocaust, antisemitism and Judaism, as well as various statistics, information about politics, biographies, travel guides, and a section on <a href="Jewish_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish women">Jewish women</a> throughout history. The website includes the complete text of the <a href="Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a> and most of the <a href="Babylonian_Talmud" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian Talmud">Babylonian Talmud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>It contains information about Israel education in America, including information about <a href="Israel_Studies" title="Israel Studies">Israel Studies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-European_Association_Of_Israel_Studies_2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-European_Association_Of_Israel_Studies_2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The website aims to document the relationship between Israel and each of the <a href="50_states" class="mw-redirect" title="50 states">50 states</a>, and publish declassified documents from sources such as the <a href="CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>, <a href="State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="State Department">State Department</a> and <a href="British_Foreign_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="British Foreign Service">British Foreign Service</a> that reveal insights into those organizations' attitudes toward Jews and Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div>

<p>The website has been praised for its accessible interface and balanced information. Librarian John Jaeger, in a 2002 article published by the <a href="Association_of_College_and_Research_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of College and Research Libraries">Association of College and Research Libraries</a>, wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>This library, once it is entered, is more like a living encyclopedia than it is anything else. One has options to click on, such as history, women, biography, politics, Israel, maps, and Judaic Treasures at the Library of Congress, with each launching a person into a different realm. The site is extremely well put together.</p></blockquote>

<p>Also in 2002, Karen Evans of <a href="Indiana_State_University" title="Indiana State University">Indiana State University</a> praised the online library for its "easily accessible, balanced information".<sup id="cite_ref-americanlibraryassociation_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanlibraryassociation-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> J. Douglas Smith and Richard Jensen in their book <i>World War II on the Web: A Guide to the Very Best Sites with free CD-ROM</i> published in 2002 also heaped praise on the website:<sup id="cite_ref-smith-jensen_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-jensen-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Part of a comprehensive site devoted to all periods in Jewish history, The Holocaust from the Jewish Virtual Library provides excellent information on the Holocaust. From the library's main page, The Holocaust section leads to an alphabetized list of topics.</p></blockquote>

<p>The website and its book <i>Myths and Facts</i> have also been criticised for pro-Israel bias. In 1987, Clifford A. Wright, author of Facts and Fables: The Real Story Behind the Arab-Israeli Conflict, dismissed <i>Myths and Facts 1985</i> (published 1984) in a Spring 1987 <i><a href="Journal_of_Palestine_Studies" title="Journal of Palestine Studies">Journal of Palestine Studies</a></i> review entitled <i>Partisan "Facts"</i> as Zionist propaganda:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Simply put, Davis' work is that of a compiler who has gathered virtually every piece of Zionist propaganda produced since the mid-1940s. The reason this book is undocumented is because one cannot document lies. ... The only people who will swallow Davis' myths and facts are the true believers, the naive, or those seeking funds for their electoral campaigns.</p></blockquote>

<p>American journalist <a href="Donald_Neff" title="Donald Neff">Donald Neff</a> in his Summer 2002 <i><a href="Journal_of_Palestine_Studies" title="Journal of Palestine Studies">Journal of Palestine Studies</a></i> review entitled <i>Rewriting History</i> of the 2001 edition was equally critical:<sup id="cite_ref-neff2002_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neff2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Arab-Israeli conflict is littered with propaganda masquerading as information. Both sides are active in this black art, where distorting the facts to one side's favor is considered success. In general, Israel and its supporters have been more adept in this poisonous pursuit, mainly because of their wide media access in the United States. The latest edition of Myths and Facts, however, is not one of the better efforts by the pro-Israel side, mainly because it is less adroit than usual at twisting the facts to the benefit of Israel ... . The original Myths and Facts was published as a byproduct of the Near East Report, a pro-Israel newsletter begun in the 1950s by Si Kenen, a tireless propagandist for Israel. Out of Kenen's propaganda work grew the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), today the most powerful Israeli lobby ... . The current version of Myths and Facts is curiously without specific mention of its debt to AIPAC, although it acknowledges the pioneering role of the Near East Report. This is hardly encouraging since the latter is a reliable source of myths but hardly of facts. Author Mitchell G. Bard is a former editor of the Near East Report and a coauthor of the 1992 edition of Myths and Facts. ... Bard is now executive director of yet another pro-Israel group, the American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE), founded in 1993. Among its seven board members are Bard, Arthur Bard, and Eli E. Hertz. Hertz left the Israel Defense Forces as a captain after seven years and moved to New York to found a technology company. He is listed as sponsor of the latest Myths and Facts and chairman of the board of AICE.</p></blockquote>

<p>In 2021, the <a href="Wikipedia_community" title="Wikipedia community">Wikipedia community</a> reached a consensus to prohibit the use of the JVL as a source for most situations, citing concerns about its accuracy and pro-Israel bias.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFArnold_DashefskyIra_M._Sheskin2016" class="citation book cs1">Arnold Dashefsky; Ira M. Sheskin (February 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gaqFCwAAQBAJ"><i>American Jewish Year Book 2015: The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities</i></a>. Springer. p. 831. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-319-24505-8</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-MERLOT-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MERLOT_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=342986">"Jewish Virtual Library"</a>. <i><a href="MERLOT" title="MERLOT">MERLOT</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-auis-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auis_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802141455/https://auis.edu.krd/AUISLibraryIndex">"Library Index"</a>. <a href="The_American_University_of_Iraq_Sulaimani" class="mw-redirect" title="The American University of Iraq Sulaimani">The American University of Iraq Sulaimani</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://auis.edu.krd/AUISLibraryIndex">the original</a> on August 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-AICE990-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AICE990_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AICE990_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605091048/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/display_990/521865861/10_2018_prefixes_52-54%2F521865861_201712_990_2018100215758818">"Form 990 for the period ending December 2017"</a>. <i>PRoPublica</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/display_990/521865861/10_2018_prefixes_52-54%2F521865861_201712_990_2018100215758818">the original</a> on June 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guidestar.org/profile/52-1865861">"Aice Inc"</a>. <i>GuideStar</i>. 1994<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2022</span>. <q>The jvl also incorporates our publication, myths and facts: a guide to the arab-israeli conflict, an essential resource for anyone interested in understanding the dispute known as the pro-israel activist's 'bible.' The jvl also includes material from our stopbds.com site that provides vital information to understand, respond and combat the campaign to boycott and delegitimize israel.</q></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-AVI_CHAI_2013-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVI_CHAI_2013_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVI_CHAI_2013_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avichai.org/program-listings/jewish-virtual-library-website/">"Jewish Virtual Library Website"</a>. <i>AVI CHAI</i>. June 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819173435/http://lippmankanferprize.org/profile/?profile=jewish-virtual-library-jvl&entryid=827">"Profile – Jewish Virtual Library (JVL)"</a>. <i>Lippman Kanfer Prize for Applied Jewish Wisdom</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lippmankanferprize.org/profile/?profile=jewish-virtual-library-jvl&entryid=827">the original</a> on August 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/jewishamericans/resources/index.html">"For Statistics and Analysis About Jews in America Today"</a>. <a href="Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> Provided as a resource on the web page is the <a href="PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> film, <i><a href="The_Jewish_Americans" title="The Jewish Americans">The Jewish Americans</a></i>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-European_Association_Of_Israel_Studies_2017-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-European_Association_Of_Israel_Studies_2017_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117193618/http://www.israelstudies.eu/israel-studies-anthropology-jewish-virtual-library/">"'Israel Studies: An Anthropology' and the Jewish Virtual Library"</a>. <i>European Association Of Israel Studies</i>. April 20, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelstudies.eu/israel-studies-anthropology-jewish-virtual-library/">the original</a> on January 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ejewishphilanthropy.com/will-jews-lose-their-online-library/">"Will Jews Lose Their Online Library?"</a>. <i>eJewish Philanthropy</i>. October 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJaeger" class="citation web cs1">Jaeger, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130903023241/https://web.archive.org/web/20040203143353/http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/crlnews/backissues2002/june/worldreligions.htm">"Association of College and Research Libraries "World religions on the Web: A guide to some of the most helpful sites""</a>. <i>C&RL News June 2002 Vol. 63 No. 6</i>. (archived). Archived from the original on September 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite web}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-americanlibraryassociation-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-americanlibraryassociation_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_Evans2002" class="citation web cs1">Karen Evans (October 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021112031117/http://www.bowdoin.edu/~samato/IRA/reviews/issues/oct02/jewish.html">"Jewish Virtual Library at the Internet Reviews Archive, College and Research Libraries News, a division of the American Library Association at Bowdoin College"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bowdoin.edu/~samato/IRA/reviews/issues/oct02/jewish.html">the original</a> on November 12, 2002.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-smith-jensen-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-smith-jensen_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanhistoryprojects.com/downloads/wwii.pdf">"World War II on the Web: A Guide to the Very Best Sites with free CD-ROM"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWright1987" class="citation journal cs1">Wright, Clifford A. (1987). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2536803">"Partisan "Facts""</a></span>. <i>Journal of Palestine Studies</i>. <b>16</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">165–</span>167. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2536803">10.2307/2536803</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0377-919X">0377-919X</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2536803">2536803</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-neff2002-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-neff2002_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNeff2002" class="citation journal cs1">Neff, Donald (2002). "Rewriting History". <i>Journal of Palestine Studies</i>. <b>31</b> (4): 130–131 (the review itself is on p.131). <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fjps.2002.31.4.122">10.1525/jps.2002.31.4.122</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/jps.2002.31.4.122">10.1525/jps.2002.31.4.122</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFElia-Shalev2024" class="citation news cs1">Elia-Shalev, Asaf (June 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jta.org/2024/06/18/united-states/adl-faces-wikipedia-ban-over-reliability-concerns-on-israel-antisemitism">"ADL Faces Wikipedia Ban Over Reliability Concerns on Israel, Antisemitism"</a>. <a href="Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency" title="Jewish Telegraphic Agency">Jewish Telegraphic Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240619082259/https://www.jta.org/2024/06/18/united-states/adl-faces-wikipedia-ban-over-reliability-concerns-on-israel-antisemitism">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org">Official website</a></span></span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/JewishVLibrary/home">Official page</a> on <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Jews_and_Judaism715" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> and <a href="Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_Judaism" title="Outline of Judaism">Outline of Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_Jewish_history-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Jewish history-related articles">Index of Jewish history-related articles</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_history" title="Jewish history">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Jewish_history" title="Timeline of Jewish history">Timeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a></li>

<li><a href="Origins_of_Judaism" title="Origins of Judaism">Origins of Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_ancient_Israel_and_Judah" title="History of ancient Israel and Judah">Ancient Israel and Judah</a></li>

<li><a href="Second_Temple_period" title="Second Temple period">Second Temple period</a></li>

<li><a href="Synagogal_Judaism" title="Synagogal Judaism">Synagogal Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="Rabbinic_Judaism" title="Rabbinic Judaism">Rabbinic Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Jews in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></li>

<li><a href="Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_population_by_country" title="Jewish population by country">Population</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_assimilation" title="Jewish assimilation">Assimilation</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_atheism" title="Jewish atheism">Atheists</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Buddhist" title="Jewish Buddhist">Buddhists</a></li>

<li><a href="Israeli_Jews" title="Israeli Jews">Israeli Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaites</a></li>

<li><a href="Samaritans" title="Samaritans">Samaritans</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_Jews" title="Lists of Jews">Lists of Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Persecution_of_Jews" title="Persecution of Jews">Persecution</a>

<ul><li><a href="Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Xueta_Christianity" title="Xueta Christianity">Xueta Christianity</a></li>

<li><a href="Zionism%2C_race_and_genetics" class="mw-redirect" title="Zionism, race and genetics">Zionism, race and genetics</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gentile" title="Gentile">Gentile</a></li>

<li><a href="Groups_claiming_affiliation_with_Israelites" title="Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites">Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Diaspora28" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_diaspora" title="Jewish diaspora">Diaspora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Afrikaner-Jews" title="Afrikaner-Jews">Afrikaner-Jode</a></li>

<li><a href="Chuts" title="Chuts">Chuts</a></li>

<li><a href="Galician_Jews" title="Galician Jews">Galitzianers</a></li>

<li><a href="Oberlander_Jews" title="Oberlander Jews">Oberlander Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Ostjuden" title="Ostjuden">Ostjuden</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Udmurtia_and_Tatarstan" title="History of the Jews in Udmurtia and Tatarstan">Udmurt and Tatar Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Unterlander_Jews" title="Unterlander Jews">Unterlander Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Yekke" title="Yekke">Yekkes</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Beta_Israel" title="Beta Israel">Beta Israel</a>

<ul><li><a href="Beta_Abraham" title="Beta Abraham">Beta Abraham</a></li>

<li><a href="Falash_Mura" title="Falash Mura">Falash Mura</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="Bene_Israel" title="Bene Israel">Bene Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Cochin_Jews" title="Cochin Jews">Kochinim</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="D%C3%B6nmeh" title="Dönmeh">Dönmeh</a></li>

<li><a href="Georgian_Jews" title="Georgian Jews">Gruzínim</a></li>

<li><a href="Italian_Jews" title="Italian Jews">Italkim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Neofiti" title="Neofiti">Neofiti</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Kaifeng_Jews" title="Kaifeng Jews">Kaifeng Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaites</a>

<ul><li><a href="Constantinopolitan_Karaites" title="Constantinopolitan Karaites">Constantinopolitan Karaites</a></li>

<li><a href="Crimean_Karaites" title="Crimean Karaites">Crimean Karaites</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Kurdistan" title="History of the Jews in Kurdistan">Kurdish Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Krymchaks" title="Krymchaks">Krymchaks</a></li>

<li><a href="Lemba_people" title="Lemba people">Lemba</a></li>

<li><a href="Maghrebi_Jews" title="Maghrebi Jews">Maghrebi</a>

<ul><li><a href="Berber_Jews" title="Berber Jews">Berber Jews</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Mizrahi_Jews" title="Mizrahi Jews">Mizrahi</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Afghanistan" title="History of the Jews in Afghanistan">Afghan Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Alexandria" title="History of the Jews in Alexandria">Alexandrian Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Baghdadi_Jews" title="Baghdadi Jews">Baghdadi</a></li>

<li><a href="Bukharan_Jews" title="Bukharan Jews">Bukharan Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Egypt" title="History of the Jews in Egypt">Egyptian Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Mountain_Jews" title="Mountain Jews">Mountain Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Palestinian_Jews" title="Palestinian Jews">Palestinian Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Persian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Jews">Persian Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Urfalim" title="Urfalim">Urfalim</a></li>

<li><a href="Yemenite_Jews" title="Yemenite Jews">Teimanim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Adeni_Jews" title="Adeni Jews">Adeni Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="Habbani_Jews" title="Habbani Jews">Ḥabbanim</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Hadramaut" title="History of the Jews in Hadramaut">Hadhrami Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Saada" title="History of the Jews in Saada">Saada Jews</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Musta'arabi_Jews" title="Musta'arabi Jews">Mustaʿravim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_tribes_of_Arabia" title="Jewish tribes of Arabia">Jewish tribes of Arabia</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Romaniote_Jews" title="Romaniote Jews">Romaniote</a></li>

<li><a href="Sephardic_Jews" title="Sephardic Jews">Sephardim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Spanish_and_Portuguese_Jews" title="Spanish and Portuguese Jews">Eastern Sephardim</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Livorno" title="History of the Jews in Livorno">Livornese Jews</a></li>

<li><a href="North_African_Sephardim" title="North African Sephardim">North African Sephardim</a></li>

<li><a href="Paradesi_Jews" title="Paradesi Jews">Paradesi</a>

<ul><li><a href="Meshuchrarim" title="Meshuchrarim">Meshuchrarim</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sephardic_Bnei_Anusim" title="Sephardic Bnei Anusim">Sephardic Bnei Anusim</a>

<ul><li><a href="Xueta" title="Xueta">Xuetes</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_languages" title="Jewish languages">Languages</a><br>(<a href="List_of_Jewish_diaspora_languages" title="List of Jewish diaspora languages">Diasporic</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>

<ul><li><a href="Modern_Hebrew" title="Modern Hebrew">Modern</a></li>

<li><a href="Ashkenazi_Hebrew" title="Ashkenazi Hebrew">Ashkenazi</a></li>

<li><a href="Sephardi_Hebrew" title="Sephardi Hebrew">Sephardi</a></li>

<li><a href="Mizrahi_Hebrew" title="Mizrahi Hebrew">Mizrahi</a></li>

<li><a href="Yemenite_Hebrew" title="Yemenite Hebrew">Yemenite</a></li>

<li><a href="Tiberian_Hebrew" title="Tiberian Hebrew">Tiberian</a></li>

<li><a href="Samaritan_Hebrew" title="Samaritan Hebrew">Samaritan</a></li>

<li><a href="Manually_coded_language#List_of_signed_languages" title="Manually coded language">Signed</a></li>

<li><a href="Medieval_Hebrew" title="Medieval Hebrew">Medieval</a></li>

<li><a href="Mishnaic_Hebrew" title="Mishnaic Hebrew">Mishnaic</a></li>

<li><a href="Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Biblical</a></li>

<li><a href="Babylonian_vocalization" title="Babylonian vocalization">Babylonian</a></li>

<li><a href="Palestinian_vocalization" title="Palestinian vocalization">Palestinian</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judaeo-Catalan" title="Judaeo-Catalan">Catalanic</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Berber_language" title="Judeo-Berber language">Judeo-Amazigh</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Arabic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Arabic languages">Judeo-Arabic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Judeo-Iraqi_Arabic" title="Judeo-Iraqi Arabic">Yahudic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Baghdad_Jewish_Arabic" title="Baghdad Jewish Arabic">Judeo-Baghdadi</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Moroccan_Arabic" title="Judeo-Moroccan Arabic">Judeo-Moroccan</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Tripolitanian_Arabic" title="Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic">Judeo-Tripolitanian</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Tunisian_Arabic" title="Judeo-Tunisian Arabic">Judeo-Tunisian</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Yemeni_Arabic" title="Judeo-Yemeni Arabic">Judeo-Yemeni</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Aramaic_languages" title="Judeo-Aramaic languages">Judaeo-Aramaic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Targum_(Aramaic_dialects)" title="Targum (Aramaic dialects)">Targum</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Barzani" title="Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Barzani">Barzani</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Betanure" title="Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Betanure">Betanure</a></li>

<li><a href="Trans-Zab_Jewish_Neo-Aramaic" title="Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic">Hulaulá</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Zakho" title="Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho">Lishana Deni</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Urmia" title="Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Urmia">Lishán Didán</a></li>

<li><a href="Inter-Zab_Jewish_Neo-Aramaic" title="Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic">Lishanid Noshan</a></li>

<li><a href="Biblical_Aramaic" title="Biblical Aramaic">Biblical</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Babylonian_Aramaic" title="Jewish Babylonian Aramaic">Talmudic</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Palestinian_Aramaic" title="Jewish Palestinian Aramaic">Palestinian</a>

<ul><li><a href="Galilean_dialect" title="Galilean dialect">Galilean</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judaeo-Aragonese" title="Judaeo-Aragonese">Judeo-Aragonese</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_English_varieties" title="Jewish English varieties">Jewish English</a>

<ul><li><a href="Yeshivish" title="Yeshivish">Yeshivish</a></li>

<li><a href="Yinglish" class="mw-redirect" title="Yinglish">Yinglish</a></li>

<li><a href="Heblish" class="mw-redirect" title="Heblish">Heblish</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Gascon" title="Judeo-Gascon">Judeo-Gascon</a></li>

<li><a href="Yevanic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yevanic language">Judaeo-Greek</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Italian_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Italian languages">Judeo-Italian</a>

<ul><li><a href="Judaeo-Piedmontese" title="Judaeo-Piedmontese">Judaeo-Piedmontese</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Latin" title="Judeo-Latin">Judeo-Latin</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Malay" title="Judeo-Malay">Judeo-Malay</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Malayalam" title="Judeo-Malayalam">Judeo-Malayalam</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Marathi" title="Judeo-Marathi">Judeo-Marathi</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Judeo-Provençal">Judaeo-Occitan</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Persian" title="Judeo-Persian">Judeo-Persian</a>

<ul><li><a href="Bukharian_(Judeo-Tajik_dialect)" title="Bukharian (Judeo-Tajik dialect)">Bukhori</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Borujerdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Borujerdi">Judeo-Borujerdi</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Golpaygani" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Golpaygani">Judeo-Golpaygani</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Hamedani" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Hamedani">Judeo-Hamedani</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Shirazi" title="Judeo-Shirazi">Judeo-Shirazi</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Tat" title="Judeo-Tat">Juhuri</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Judaeo-Portuguese" title="Judaeo-Portuguese">Judaeo-Portuguese</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Urdu" title="Judeo-Urdu">Judeo-Urdu</a></li>

<li><a href="Karaim_language" title="Karaim language">Karaim</a></li>

<li><a href="Kayla_dialect" title="Kayla dialect">Kayliñña</a></li>

<li><a href="Judaeo-Georgian" title="Judaeo-Georgian">Kivruli</a></li>

<li><a href="Knaanic_language" title="Knaanic language">Knaanic</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Koine_Greek" title="Jewish Koine Greek">Koiné Greek</a></li>

<li><a href="Krymchak_language" title="Krymchak language">Krymchak</a></li>

<li><a href="Lachoudisch" title="Lachoudisch">Lachoudisch</a></li>

<li><a href="Judaeo-Spanish" title="Judaeo-Spanish">Ladino</a>

<ul><li><a href="Haketia" title="Haketia">Haketia</a></li>

<li><a href="Tetuani_Ladino" title="Tetuani Ladino">Tetuani</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Lotegorisch" title="Lotegorisch">Lotegorisch</a></li>

<li><a href="Qwara_dialect" title="Qwara dialect">Qwareña</a></li>

<li><a href="Algerian_Jewish_Sign_Language" title="Algerian Jewish Sign Language">Shassagh</a></li>

<li><a href="Israeli_Sign_Language" title="Israeli Sign Language">Shassi</a></li>

<li><a href="Judeo-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Judeo-Provençal">Shuadit</a></li>

<li><a href="Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a>

<ul><li><a href="Yiddish_dialects" title="Yiddish dialects">dialects</a>

<ul><li><a href="Eastern_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Yiddish">Eastern</a>

<ul><li><a href="Galitzish" class="mw-redirect" title="Galitzish">Galitzish</a></li>

<li><a href="Lithuanian_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Yiddish">Litvish</a></li>

<li><a href="Poylish" class="mw-redirect" title="Poylish">Poylish</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Klezmer-loshn" title="Klezmer-loshn">Klezmer-loshn</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Western_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Yiddish">Western</a>

<ul><li><a href="Judeo-Alsatian" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Alsatian">Judeo-Alsatian</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Lachoudisch" title="Lachoudisch">Lachoudisch</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Scots-Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Scots-Yiddish">Scots-Yiddish</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Zarphatic_language" title="Zarphatic language">Zarphatic</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_philosophy" title="Jewish philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_principles_of_faith" title="Jewish principles of faith">Beliefs</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">Mitzvah</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Rabbinic_authority" title="Rabbinic authority">Rabbinic authority</a></li>

<li><a href="Jews_as_the_chosen_people" title="Jews as the chosen people">Chosen people</a></li>

<li><a href="Conversion_to_Judaism" title="Conversion to Judaism">Conversion</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Eschatology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Messiah_in_Judaism" title="Messiah in Judaism">Messiah</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_ethics" title="Jewish ethics">Ethics</a></li>

<li><a href="Holiness_in_Judaism" title="Holiness in Judaism">Holiness</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Names_of_God_in_Judaism" title="Names of God in Judaism">Names of God</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Halakha" title="Halakha">Halakha</a></li>

<li><a href="Haskalah" title="Haskalah">Haskalah</a></li>

<li><a href="Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">Kabbalah</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sefirot" title="Sefirot">Sefirot</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Branches_of_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Branches of Judaism">Branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_religious_movements" title="Jewish religious movements">Religious movements</a>

<ul><li><a href="Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a>

<ul><li><a href="Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi</a>

<ul><li><a href="Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a></li>

<li><a href="Litvishe" class="mw-redirect" title="Litvishe">Litvaks</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Modern_Orthodox_Judaism" title="Modern Orthodox Judaism">Modern</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Conservative</a></li>

<li><a href="Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform</a></li>

<li><a href="Reconstructionist_Judaism" title="Reconstructionist Judaism">Reconstructionist</a></li>

<li><a href="Humanistic_Judaism" title="Humanistic Judaism">Humanistic</a></li>

<li><a href="Neo-Hasidism" title="Neo-Hasidism">Neo-Hasidism</a>

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_Renewal" title="Jewish Renewal">Renewal</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Neolog_Judaism" title="Neolog Judaism">Neolog</a></li>

<li><a href="Relationships_between_Jewish_religious_movements" title="Relationships between Jewish religious movements">relations</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Haymanot" title="Haymanot">Haymanot</a></li>

<li><a href="Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic</a></li>

<li><a href="Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaite</a></li>

<li><a href="Samaritanism" title="Samaritanism">Samaritanism</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Science" title="Jewish Science">Science</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_secularism" title="Jewish secularism">Secularism</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_schisms" title="Jewish schisms">Schisms</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_literature" title="Jewish literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sifrei_Kodesh" title="Sifrei Kodesh">Sifrei Kodesh</a></li>

<li><a href="Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Tanakh</a>/Hebrew <a href="Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>

<ul><li><a href="Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a></li>

<li><a href="Ketuvim" title="Ketuvim">Ketuvim</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Rabbinic_literature" title="Rabbinic literature">Rabbinic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a></li>

<li><a href="Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a></li>

<li><a href="Tosefta" title="Tosefta">Tosefta</a></li>

<li><a href="Midrash" title="Midrash">Midrash</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Primary_texts_of_Kabbalah" title="Primary texts of Kabbalah">Kabbalah texts</a>

<ul><li><a href="Hekhalot_literature" title="Hekhalot literature">Hekhalot literature</a></li>

<li><a href="Pardes_Rimonim" title="Pardes Rimonim">Pardes Rimonim</a></li>

<li><a href="Sefer_HaBahir" class="mw-redirect" title="Sefer HaBahir">Sefer HaBahir</a></li>

<li><a href="Etz_Chaim_(book)" title="Etz Chaim (book)">Sefer HaEtz Chaim</a></li>

<li><a href="Sefer_Raziel_HaMalakh" title="Sefer Raziel HaMalakh">Sefer Raziel HaMalakh</a></li>

<li><a href="Sefer_Yetzirah" title="Sefer Yetzirah">Sefer Yetzirah</a></li>

<li><a href="Zohar" title="Zohar">Zohar</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Shulchan_Aruch" title="Shulchan Aruch">Shulchan Aruch</a></li>

<li><a href="Siddur" title="Siddur">Siddur</a></li>

<li><a href="Hebrew_literature" title="Hebrew literature">Hebrew literature</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_culture" title="Jewish culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_astrology" title="Jewish astrology">Astrology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_views_on_astrology" title="Jewish views on astrology">perspectives</a></li>

<li><a href="Monen" title="Monen">Monen</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hebrew_astronomy" title="Hebrew astronomy">Astronomy</a></li>

<li><a href="Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Calendar</a>

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_holidays" title="Jewish holidays">Holidays</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Cuisine</a>

<ul><li><a href="Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Kashrut</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_education" title="Jewish education">Education</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_leadership" title="Jewish leadership">Leadership</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbi</a></li>

<li><a href="Rebbe" title="Rebbe">Rebbe</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_views_on_marriage" title="Jewish views on marriage">Marriage</a>

<ul><li><a href="Divorce_in_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Divorce in Judaism">Divorce</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_music" title="Jewish music">Music</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_mythology" title="Jewish mythology">Mythology</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_name" title="Jewish name">Names</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_political_movements" title="Jewish political movements">Politics</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_prayer" title="Jewish prayer">Prayer</a>

<ul><li><a href="Synagogue" title="Synagogue">Synagogue</a></li>

<li><a href="Hazzan" title="Hazzan">Hazzan</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_symbolism" title="Jewish symbolism">Symbolism</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Jewish_studies" title="Jewish studies">Studies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Center_for_Jewish_History" title="Center for Jewish History">Center for Jewish History</a>

<ul><li><a href="American_Jewish_Historical_Society" title="American Jewish Historical Society">American Jewish Historical Society</a></li>

<li><a href="American_Sephardi_Federation" title="American Sephardi Federation">American Sephardi Federation</a></li>

<li><a href="Leo_Baeck_Institute_New_York" title="Leo Baeck Institute New York">Leo Baeck Institute New York</a></li>

<li><a href="Yeshiva_University_Museum" title="Yeshiva University Museum">Yeshiva University Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="YIVO" title="YIVO">YIVO Institute for Jewish Research</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Center_of_Contemporary_Jewish_Documentation" title="Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation">Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Encyclopaedia_Judaica" title="Encyclopaedia Judaica">Encyclopaedia Judaica</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_studies_on_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic studies on Jews">Genetics</a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i></li>

<li><a href="National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_YIVO_Encyclopedia_of_Jews_in_Eastern_Europe" title="The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe">YIVO Encyclopedia</a></i></li>

<li><a href="United_States_Holocaust_Memorial_Museum" title="United States Holocaust Memorial Museum">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Encyclopedia_of_the_Holocaust" title="Encyclopedia of the Holocaust">Encyclopedia of the Holocaust</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Holocaust_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust Encyclopedia">Holocaust Encyclopedia</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Judaism_and_other_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism and other religions">Relations with other religions</a>

<ul><li><a href="Christianity_and_Judaism" title="Christianity and Judaism">Christian</a>

<ul><li><a href="Anabaptist%E2%80%93Jewish_relations" title="Anabaptist–Jewish relations">Anabaptism</a></li>

<li><a href="Catholic_Church_and_Judaism" title="Catholic Church and Judaism">Catholicism</a></li>

<li><a href="Judaism_and_Mormonism" title="Judaism and Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li>

<li><a href="Protestantism_and_Judaism" title="Protestantism and Judaism">Protestantism</a></li>

<li><a href="Jews_and_Christmas" title="Jews and Christmas">Jews and Christmas</a></li>

<li><a href="Jews_and_Halloween" title="Jews and Halloween">Jews and Halloween</a></li></ul></li>

<li>non-Christian

<ul><li><a href="Judaism_and_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism and Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li>

<li><a href="Islamic%E2%80%93Jewish_relations" title="Islamic–Jewish relations">Islam</a></li>

<li><a href="Hinduism_and_Judaism" title="Hinduism and Judaism">Hinduism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>

<li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AJudaism" title="Portal:Judaism">Judaism portal</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jews_and_Judaism_in_the_United_States715" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Jews_and_Judaism_in_the_United_States715" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Jews and Judaism in the United States</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major communal organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Jewish_Community_Center" title="Jewish Community Center">Jewish Community Centers</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Federations_of_North_America" title="Jewish Federations of North America">Jewish Federations of North America</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Federation" title="Jewish Federation">Local Jewish Federations</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major advocacy organizations<br>(not exclusively Israel-focused)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="American_Jewish_Committee" title="American Jewish Committee">American Jewish Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="American_Jewish_Congress" title="American Jewish Congress">American Jewish Congress</a></li>

<li><a href="Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a></li>

<li><a href="Conference_of_Presidents_of_Major_American_Jewish_Organizations" title="Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations">Conference of Presidents</a></li>

<li><a href="Louis_D._Brandeis_Center_for_Human_Rights_Under_Law" title="Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law">Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law (LDB)</a></li>

<li><a href="Religious_Action_Center_of_Reform_Judaism" title="Religious Action Center of Reform Judaism">Religious Action Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Community_Relations_Council" title="Jewish Community Relations Council">Jewish Community Relations Councils (JCRCs)</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Council_for_Public_Affairs" title="Jewish Council for Public Affairs">Jewish Council for Public Affairs</a></li>

<li>Jewish environmental groups</li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Future_Pledge" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Future Pledge">Jewish Future Pledge</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Institute_for_National_Security_of_America" title="Jewish Institute for National Security of America">Jewish Institute for National Security of America (JINSA)</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Women's_Archive" title="Jewish Women's Archive">Jewish Women's Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Jewish_Democratic_Council" title="National Jewish Democratic Council">National Jewish Democratic Council</a></li>

<li><a href="Republican_Jewish_Coalition" title="Republican Jewish Coalition">Republican Jewish Coalition</a></li>

<li><a href="Office_of_the_Special_Envoy_to_Monitor_and_Combat_Antisemitism" title="Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Antisemitism">Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Antisemitism</a></li>

<li><a href="White_House_Jewish_Liaison" title="White House Jewish Liaison">White House Jewish Liaison</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Labor_Committee" title="Jewish Labor Committee">Jewish Labor Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Democratic_Council_of_America" title="Jewish Democratic Council of America">Jewish Democratic Council of America</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major humanitarian<br>organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="American_Jewish_World_Service" title="American Jewish World Service">American Jewish World Service</a></li>

<li><a href="American_Jewish_Joint_Distribution_Committee" title="American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee">Joint Distribution Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="HIAS" title="HIAS"> Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Israel_Appeal" title="United Israel Appeal">United Israel Appeal</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major Israel-focused<br>organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="American_Israel_Public_Affairs_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="American Israel Public Affairs Committee">American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)</a></li>

<li><a href="Birthright_Israel" title="Birthright Israel">Birthright Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Hadassah_Women's_Zionist_Organization_of_America" title="Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America">Hadassah</a></li>

<li><a href="Israeli-American_Council" title="Israeli-American Council">Israeli-American Council</a></li>

<li><a href="J_Street" title="J Street">J Street</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Voice_for_Peace" title="Jewish Voice for Peace">Jewish Voice for Peace</a></li>

<li><a href="IfNotNow" title="IfNotNow">IfNotNow</a></li>

<li><a href="Masa_Israel_Journey" title="Masa Israel Journey">Masa Israel Journey</a></li>

<li><a href="Middle_East_Media_Research_Institute" title="Middle East Media Research Institute">Middle East Media Research Institute</a></li>

<li><a href="Nefesh_B'Nefesh" title="Nefesh B'Nefesh">Nefesh B'Nefesh</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Israel_Fund" title="New Israel Fund">New Israel Fund</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Jewish_Narrative" title="New Jewish Narrative">New Jewish Narrative</a></li>

<li><a href="Tzofim_Friendship_Caravan" title="Tzofim Friendship Caravan">Tzofim Friendship Caravan</a></li>

<li><a href="Zionist_Organization_of_America" title="Zionist Organization of America">Zionist Organization of America</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major domestic and neighborhood<br> assistance organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Chaverim" title="Chaverim">Chaverim</a></li>

<li><a href="Hatzalah" title="Hatzalah">Hatzalah</a></li>

<li><a href="Secure_Community_Network" title="Secure Community Network">Secure Community Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Shomrim_(neighborhood_watch_group)" title="Shomrim (neighborhood watch group)">Shomrim</a></li>

<li><a href="Tomchei_Shabbos" title="Tomchei Shabbos">Tomchei Shabbos</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding:0.2em 1.0em;">Major religious movement<br>organizations<br><small>(and associated rabbinical membership<br> and policy body; seminary)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agudath_Israel_of_America" title="Agudath Israel of America">Agudath Israel of America</a> (<a href="Moetzes_Gedolei_HaTorah#United_States" title="Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah">Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah</a>; etc.)</li>

<li><a href="Agudas_Chasidei_Chabad" title="Agudas Chasidei Chabad">Agudas Chasidei Chabad</a> (<a href="Vaad_Rabonei_Lubavitch" title="Vaad Rabonei Lubavitch">Vaad Rabonei Lubavitch</a>; <a href="Tomchei_Tmimim#In_North_America" title="Tomchei Tmimim">Tomchei Tmimim-U.S.</a>, <a href="Rabbinical_College_of_America" title="Rabbinical College of America">RCA</a>, etc.)</li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Reconstructionist_Federation" title="Jewish Reconstructionist Federation">Jewish Reconstructionist Federation</a> (<a href="Reconstructionist_Rabbinical_Association" title="Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association">Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association</a>; <a href="Reconstructionist_Rabbinical_College" title="Reconstructionist Rabbinical College">RRC</a>)</li>

<li><a href="National_Council_of_Young_Israel" title="National Council of Young Israel">Young Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Orthodox_Union" title="Orthodox Union">Orthodox Union</a> (<a href="Rabbinical_Council_of_America" title="Rabbinical Council of America">Rabbinical Council of America</a>; <a href="Rabbi_Isaac_Elchanan_Theological_Seminary" title="Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary">RIETS-YU</a>, etc.)</li>

<li><a href="Society_for_Humanistic_Judaism" title="Society for Humanistic Judaism">Society for Humanistic Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Synagogue_of_Conservative_Judaism" title="United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism">United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism</a> (<a href="Rabbinical_Assembly" title="Rabbinical Assembly">Rabbinical Assembly</a>; <a href="Jewish_Theological_Seminary_of_America" title="Jewish Theological Seminary of America">JTSA</a> / <a href="Ziegler_School_of_Rabbinic_Studies" title="Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies">AJU-Ziegler</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Union_for_Reform_Judaism" title="Union for Reform Judaism">Union for Reform Judaism</a> (<a href="Central_Conference_of_American_Rabbis" title="Central Conference of American Rabbis">Central Conference of American Rabbis</a>; <a href="Hebrew_Union_College_%E2%80%93_Jewish_Institute_of_Religion" title="Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion">HUC</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List of synagogues<br><span style="font-size: 85%;">(by movements)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><b><a href="List_of_synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="List of synagogues in the United States">by US states</a></b></li>

<li><i>Former</i></li></ul>

<ul><li>Conservative</li>

<li>Humanistic</li>

<li>Orthodox and Modern Orthodox</li>

<li>Reconstructionist</li>

<li>Reform</li>

<li>Unaffiliated</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Youth organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_summer_camp" title="Jewish summer camp">Jewish summer camp</a></li>

<li><a href="BBYO" title="BBYO">B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (BBYO)</a> (<a href="Aleph_Zadik_Aleph" title="Aleph Zadik Aleph">AZA</a> / <a href="BBYO" title="BBYO">BBG</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Bnei_Akiva" title="Bnei Akiva">Bnei Akiva</a></li>

<li><a href="NFTY" title="NFTY">North American Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tzivos_Hashem" title="Tzivos Hashem">Tzivos Hashem</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Synagogue_Youth" title="United Synagogue Youth">United Synagogue Youth (USY)</a> / <a href="Kadima_(youth_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadima (youth group)">Kadima</a></li>

<li><a href="Young_Judaea" title="Young Judaea">Young Judaea</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_studies" title="Jewish studies">College Jewish studies programs</a></li>

<li><a href="Hebrew_school" title="Hebrew school">Hebrew school</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_day_school" title="Jewish day school">Jewish day school</a>

<ul><li>See template for schools</li>

<li><a href="Schechter_Day_School_Network" title="Schechter Day School Network">Schechter</a></li>

<li><a href="Torah_Umesorah_%E2%80%93_National_Society_for_Hebrew_Day_Schools" title="Torah Umesorah – National Society for Hebrew Day Schools">Torah Umesorah</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">Yeshiva</a> / <a href="Mesivta" title="Mesivta">Mesivta</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major university groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Chabad_on_Campus_International_Foundation" title="Chabad on Campus International Foundation">Chabad on Campus</a></li>

<li><a href="Hillel_International" title="Hillel International">Hillel</a></li>

<li><a href="Masorti_on_Campus" title="Masorti on Campus">Masorti on Campus</a></li>

<li><a href="World_Union_of_Jewish_Students" title="World Union of Jewish Students">World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Jewish_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of Jewish fraternities and sororities">Fraternities<br>and sororities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Alpha Epsilon Pi">Alpha Epsilon Pi</a></li>

<li><a href="Alpha_Epsilon_Phi" title="Alpha Epsilon Phi">Alpha Epsilon Phi</a></li>

<li><a href="Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi">Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi</a></li>

<li><a href="Sigma_Alpha_Mu" title="Sigma Alpha Mu">Sigma Alpha Mu</a></li>

<li><a href="Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">Sigma Delta Tau</a></li>

<li><a href="Tau_Delta_Phi" title="Tau Delta Phi">Tau Delta Phi</a></li>

<li><a href="Tau_Epsilon_Phi" title="Tau Epsilon Phi">Tau Epsilon Phi</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News wires</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency" title="Jewish Telegraphic Agency">Jewish Telegraphic Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_News_Syndicate" title="Jewish News Syndicate">Jewish News Syndicate</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News outlets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Algemeiner_Journal" title="Algemeiner Journal">Algemeiner Journal</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Baltimore_Jewish_Times" title="Baltimore Jewish Times">Baltimore Jewish Times</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Charlotte_Jewish_News" title="Charlotte Jewish News">Charlotte Jewish News</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Cleveland_Jewish_News" title="Cleveland Jewish News">Cleveland Jewish News</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Der_Blatt" title="Der Blatt">Der Blatt</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Di_Tzeitung" title="Di Tzeitung">Di Tzeitung</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Hamodia" title="Hamodia">Hamodia</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Forward" title="The Forward">The Forward</a></i></li>

<li><a href="The_Jewish_Exponent" title="The Jewish Exponent"><i>The Jewish Exponent</i> (Phila.)</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Jewish_Journal_of_Greater_Los_Angeles" title="The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles"><i>The Jewish Journal</i> (L.A.)</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Ledger" title="Jewish Ledger"><i>The Jewish Ledger</i> (Conn.)</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Jewish_News_of_Greater_Phoenix" title="Jewish News of Greater Phoenix">Jewish News of Greater Phoenix</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Jewish_Press" title="The Jewish Press">The Jewish Press</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Standard" title="Jewish Standard"><i>Jewish Standard</i> (N.J.)</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Jewish_Star_(New_York)" title="The Jewish Star (New York)"><i>The Jewish Star</i> (N.Y.)</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Jewish_Voice" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Voice">Jewish Voice</a></i></li>

<li><a href="J._The_Jewish_News_of_Northern_California" title="J. The Jewish News of Northern California"><i>JWeekly</i> (S.F.)</a></li>

<li><i><a href="New_York_Jewish_Week" title="New York Jewish Week">New York Jewish Week</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="New_Jersey_Jewish_News" title="New Jersey Jewish News">New Jersey Jewish News</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Pittsburgh_Jewish_Chronicle" title="Pittsburgh Jewish Chronicle">Pittsburgh Jewish Chronicle</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="St._Louis_Jewish_Light" title="St. Louis Jewish Light">St. Louis Jewish Light</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Washington_Jewish_Week" title="Washington Jewish Week">Washington Jewish Week</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Yated_Ne'eman_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yated Ne'eman (United States)">Yated Ne'eman</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Yeshiva_World_News" title="Yeshiva World News">Yeshiva World News</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><i><a href="Binah_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Binah (magazine)">Binah</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Commentary_(magazine)" title="Commentary (magazine)">Commentary</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Emunah" title="Emunah">Emunah Magazine</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Jewish_Currents" title="Jewish Currents">Jewish Currents</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Kindline" title="Kindline">Kindline</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Lilith_(magazine)" title="Lilith (magazine)">Lilith</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Mishpacha" title="Mishpacha">Mishpacha</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Moment_(magazine)" title="Moment (magazine)">Moment</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="San_Diego_Jewish_Journal" title="San Diego Jewish Journal">San Diego Jewish Journal</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="San_Diego_Jewish_World" title="San Diego Jewish World">San Diego Jewish World</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="SAPIR%3A_A_Journal_of_Jewish_Conversations" title="SAPIR: A Journal of Jewish Conversations">SAPIR</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="We_Are_in_America" title="We Are in America">We Are in America</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Jewish_Broadcasting_Service" title="Jewish Broadcasting Service">Jewish Broadcasting Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Jewish_Life_Television" title="Jewish Life Television">Jewish Life Television (JLTV)</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Jewish_Television" title="National Jewish Television">National Jewish Television</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Jewish_Channel" title="The Jewish Channel">The Jewish Channel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AskMoses.com" title="AskMoses.com">AskMoses.com</a></li>

<li><a href="Chabad.org" title="Chabad.org">Chabad.org</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Jewcy" title="Jewcy">Jewcy</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Kosher.com" title="Kosher.com">Kosher.com</a></li>

<li><a href="Mosaic_(magazine)" title="Mosaic (magazine)">Mosaic</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet Magazine</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Yeshiva.co" title="Yeshiva.co">Yeshiva.co</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="JDate" title="JDate">JDate</a></li>

<li><a href="JSwipe" title="JSwipe">JSwipe</a></li>

<li><a href="Matzo_Ball" title="Matzo Ball">Matzo Ball</a></li>

<li><a href="SawYouAtSinai" title="SawYouAtSinai">SawYouAtSinai</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major communal activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Siyum_HaShas" title="Siyum HaShas">Siyum HaShas</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_Sunday_(phone-a-thon)" title="Super Sunday (phone-a-thon)">Super Sunday phone-a-thon</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span>  Category</li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-05-28" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Jewish_Virtual_Library&oldid=1292765018">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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